Preferred Learning styles Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Favored Learning styles - Essay Example This examination depended on elucidating study. Quantitative information was gathered from the shut finished polls where the quantity of understudies were counted and introduced in a table structure. The discoveries of the examination indicated that there is no ideal learning style as they have some issue. The investigation consequently suggests that the learning establishments ought to suggest the best learning style dependent on the individual qualities of the person. Section ONE 1.1 Introduction This report concentrated on investigating learning style in the learning procedure. The examination concentrated on breaking down how the learning styles in a study hall set up is impacted by the sexual orientation or sex of the understudies. The investigation additionally centered around how the social butterflies respond to learning styles in a homeroom set up. All the more along these lines, this investigation concentrated on how social parts of the understudies impact the learning styl es. This report concentrated its premises on the Honey and Mumford learning style in its hypothetical system. In the autonomous variable, the examination had the learner’s sex and qualities. 1.2 Literature survey This reports put together its contentions with respect to the ongoing writing audits. The writing in this extent of study shows how learning style ideas have been acknowledged. It is claimed that few investigations that have demonstrated that learning styles zone genuine proportion of students’ self assessment (Rosenberg, 2009) however there is a difference on the most ideal method of estimating the different learning styles. It is additionally claimed that there are a few explores that have been done on learning styles yet most analysts have not conceded to the significance of planning learning programs (Hall, 2009). What's more, Coffield et al (2004) reasons that arrangement of right learning procedures, settings and techniques is better when contrasted with coordinating individual understudy inclinations. Marzano (1988) places that material and realistic introduction of topic delivered recognizable impacts the results of learning paying little heed to endeavors to coordinate the realistic and material strategies with learners’ modalities. In an ongoing by Baker (2002), visual examinations were very worthwhile among all grown-ups in spite of the pace of learning style with inclination to the visual pictures. It was additionally worthwhile for students with solid inclinations in the verbal procedure. As indicated by Merrill (2000), instructional procedures ought to be resolved first by concentrating on the objectives of the guidelines and the learners’ learning inclinations and styles are utilized to change the essential learning methodologies. Part TWO 2.1 Research technique The distinct examination configuration was utilized in this investigation. Theories were set and later test made on the members. The examination was directed in a workshop and follow up exercises in the study hall set up. The investigation included one study hall and all the understudies were members in this examination. Surveys were regulated and the reactions were examined in a table structure. The grade for the different speculations was dissected in a table. The inquiries were focused on basically examining the self assessment of the respondents by deciding the learners’ style. There was no time cutoff to this survey. The exactness of the outcomes relied upon how genuine you were. There was no set in stone answers. On the off chance that you concurred more than you couldn't help contradicting an announcement, you needed to put a tick close to it. In the event that you differ more than you concurred a cross was put alongside it. 2.2 Participants The examination members were understudies in a study hall set up.

The Third Man Is a Film About Morals and Loyalty free essay sample

Ditty Reed presents that disloyalty of a companion is trivial in the light of a more prominent great. All through the film it is seen that the necessity of keeping up devotion and fellowship is abrogated when ethics are tried. The film follows the oblivious excursion of Holly Martins as he endeavors to find the puzzle behind the demise of his ‘dear friend’ Harry Lime. The inclined camera edges and shadows permit the crowd to recognize the dependable characters from the degenerate, and Reed’s theme of re-happening props and non-diagetic zither music build up the ethical vagueness of the movies setting and climate. The commitment of treachery is halfway appeared through the hero Holly Martins, as his underlying oblivious reliability is introduced through Reeds utilization of inclined points. In the start of the film Holly is obstinate, naïve and unmindful of the degenerate setting he has drenched himself in. His guiltlessness is anticipated through the repetitive straight edge all over, interestingly, dubious characters, for example, Harry are given an inclined point proposing they’re not ethically ‘straight’. We will compose a custom paper test on The Third Man Is a Film About Morals and Loyalty or on the other hand any comparative subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page Holly’s profound quality and dedication to Harry is tried in the Ferris wheel scene as he gets presented to the genuine Harry. The scene starts with Holly sitting by the Ferris wheel, showing up predominated, subsequently emphasizing his inconsequentiality. The pair enters the carriage and noteworthy camera points are utilized on every one of their appearances to depict to the crowd their varying moralities. A straight camera point is utilized for Holly, and a tilted for Harry. Holly is presented to Harrys genuine nature when he educates him concerning Anna being captured and Harry just says â€Å"Tough, very tough† indicating that he doesn’t really care about her. Additionally Harry draws Anna’s name in youngster like scrawl on the window of the carriage, emphasizing that he isn’t worried about her destiny. A since quite a while ago shot of the festival is given, Harry focuses to the individuals strolling on the ground and says to Holly â€Å"Would you truly have any sympathy in the event that one of those spots quit moving until the end of time. Holly, when incognizant in regards to the reality of the situation, is presently uncovered to Harry’s wrong doings and absence of good respectability. The shot of the two inside the Ferris wheel causes them to seem caught. Likewise, this scene is unexpected as they’re on a ride for children’s recreation while examining genuine crimes. As the carriage goes down, Holly picks up his acknowledgment of what Harry is prepared to do. This represents him coming back to earth as his perspectives on Harry were already ‘in the clouds’. In a later scene, Holly is presented to the youngsters wiped out because of Harry’s defective penicillin. Slow non-diagetic music plays, the children’s face aren’t appeared and the teddy bear’s, representing blamelessness, are lying face down. Seeing this, Holly acknowledges the job of being Calloway’s â€Å"dumb duck decoy†, deceiving Harry to spare his ethical uprightness. - twisted feeling of unwaveringness, Come back to this para http://pages. wustl. edu/documents/pages/imce/jdriver/DRIVER_Third_Man. pdf Harry Lime, the foe, gives a sharp juxtaposition to Holly’s purposes behind double-crossing, and his unethical behavior is depicted through Reeds utilization of shadows and chiaroscuro. In Harry’s uncover scene, he is at first covered up in shadow. A shot is given of the puzzling keeps an eye on feet with Anna’s feline nestling up to, giving an emotional incongruity as the crowd know quickly the individual is Harry. The camera goes up and Harry’s face rises up out of the shadows. He causes a commotion, and his demeanor is sure and pompous. Reed’s utilization of shadows as a theme for Harry means the crowd that he is ethically sketchy and deceitful. Toward the finish of the Ferris wheel scene, Harry presents his cuckoo clock hypothesis to Holly, which at last characterizes his ethical view. As showed in the Ferris wheel scene, Harry has no delays in selling out his old companion. He expresses that he could without much of a stretch murder Holly in that spot and afterward, ‘You don’t think they’d search for a shot injury after you hit that ground. † Effectively the most enchanting, refined and amiable character in the film, Lime additionally gives a sharp juxtaposition to Hollys explanations behind disloyalty. There are a few occasions where Lime is seen very nearly selling out to his old buddy, anyway risks for this are regularly scattered when they show up, for example, Annas nearness in the bistro scene where Lime shouts at her to escape the way, all while stretching around dubiously for what has all the earmarks of being a disguised weapon. The purposes behind Limes potential disloyalty become increasingly more evident as the film arrives at a resolution, particularly in the Russian areas Ferris wheel. Where Limes insufficiency to represent the lives of others additionally incorporates his dismissal for Hollys proceeded with presence, and as Holy grasps the edge of the open entryway we are aware of the way that the main regard Lime holds for anybody is that of himself. In this way, in light of a legitimate concern for self-protection, Lime feels that unwaveringness must be relinquished and henceforth double-crossing is simply the ramification for the sparing. The need for proceeded with presence is accordingly the impetus for Limes potential selling out of his own companion. The absence of shadows all over in the film while different characters, for example, Harry, are set in shadows and dimness to give the presence of riddle and malevolence. Passage 1: Holly’s faithfulness/ethics dependability to harry as a companion, youngsters wiped out room scene/Ferris wheel scene-inclined edges and so forth. Section 2: Harry’s unwaveringness/ethics shadows uncovering himself Paragraph 3: Anna’s dependability/ethics scene toward the end, demonstrating her dedication to Harry Filmmakers utilize light to enlighten a few characters while setting different characters in shadows and obscurity to cause them to seem baffling, shrewd or edgy. At the point when the crowd first observes the evidently dead Harry Lime he rises up out of the shadows, proposing his evil and mysterious expectations The need of selling out is most effectively appeared through Holly Martins, the hero of the story whose artless, unquestioning and determined nature all outcome in a handily influenced man who at last chooses to be a stupid, bait duck so as to catch Lime and consequently stop the substantial load on his own inner voice. Holly, by getting engaged with issues not an issue for him, is sincerely experienced and excessively shallow to appropriately manage the kind of profound idea and consideration associated with the choice among selling out and the support of the benefit of everyone. It isn't that Holly settles on an inappropriate choice by selling out his companion, rather, the reality his sentiments are handily influenced with confirmation of the proof, both through his gathering with Lime who addresses him concerning whether he would Calculate what number of specks (people) you could stand to save; and through the introduction of Limes youthful casualties. It can't be denied that Harrys firm barrier of Limes blamelessness rapidly disintegrates underneath the creation of hard reality, and this fortifies the ethical trustworthiness of Holly; who was once so dutiful to remaining incognizant in regards to reality. Such proof gives the crowd all that anyone could need material against Harry with the goal for them to agree with Holly, and thus demonstrate to them the limits of how much devotion one can primary, and where the boondocks among double-crossing and companionship can inally be penetrated. Ditty Reeds heading of The Third Man, combined with Graham Greenes screenplay, ceaselessly push forward the thought that the double-crossing of a companion is excusable in the light of a more prominent great. Notwithstanding, what one considers the right, moral strategy is absolutely needy upon their inclination of what is viewed as the zenith type of profound quality, that being the most elevated abandoned of uprightness a human can show. The Th ird Man seemingly considers the selling out of a companion satisfactory considering the benefit of all, and all through the film it is seen that the contentions for keeping up unwaveringness and fellowship are gradually superseded by the idea of obligation one feels in their quest for the correct game-plan to take. Holly and Harry both presentation indications of disloyalty to each through the span of the film; regardless of whether it is because of the penance they believe they are required to make so as to accomplish a higher position of good accomplishment, or rather in the latters case, an absence of moral thought towards mankind by and large however it can plainly be found for each situation that dedication can simply be disposed of even with an increasingly audacious reason. The need of treachery is most handily appeared through Holly Martins, the hero of the story whose naïve, unquestioning and constant nature all outcome in an effortlessly influenced man who at last chooses to be a stupid, distraction duck so as to catch Lime and consequently stop the substantial load on his own inner voice. Holly, by getting engaged with issues not an issue for him, is genuinely experienced and excessively shallow to appropriately manage the kind of profound idea and thought associated with the choice among treachery and the upkeep of the benefit of everyone. How this is passed on: through the character of Holly Martins: appearance and reality-the tricky idea of appearances in a degenerate society, Holly feels just as he may stay faithful to his ‘dear friend’ Harry Lime, Anna stays faithful to Harry through her ‘blinded love’, Holly’s moral trustworthiness †where he finds †¢Props are the items that show up in the setting, an d are frequently used to give noteworthy insights about the characters, eg Dr Winkel’s assortment of reli

Bulimia Diagnosis Requires 4 Factors

Bulimia Diagnosis Requires 4 Factors Eating Disorders Diagnosis Print Bulimia Diagnosis Requires 4 Factors By Susan Cowden, MS facebook linkedin Susan Cowden is a licensed marriage and family therapist and a member of the Academy for Eating Disorders. Learn about our editorial policy Susan Cowden, MS Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on August 05, 2016 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on June 23, 2019 Zero Creatives / Getty Images More in Eating Disorders Diagnosis Symptoms Treatment Awareness and Prevention Bulimia nervosa is an eating disorder in which the person repeatedly eats too much and then takes drastic steps to compensate for that binge eating. When many people think of bulimia, they think of bingeing and purging behaviorâ€"eating too much and then intentionally throwing up. But someone doesnt have to force themselves to repeatedly throw up in order to be diagnosed with bulimia. Bulimia primarily affects adolescent girls and young adult women. Heres what clinicians look for when diagnosing bulimia nervosa. Criteria Needed A person must meet all of the following criteria in order to be diagnosed with bulimia nervosa:Repeated episodes of binge eating, defined as eating an amount of food that is definitely larger than most people would eat during the same amount of time. The person also must feel as though they have lost control over eating and are unable to stop themselves or control how much they are eating.Use of inappropriate behaviors (also known as compensatory behaviors) to avoid weight gain or to compensate for the binge eating. These include self-induced vomiting (likely the best-known of bulimia behaviors), the misuse of laxatives, diuretics and/or enemas, and excessive exercise.Both the binge eating and compensatory behaviors occur at least once a week for three months.The persons weight and/or body shape must have a significant impact on the way the person views himself or herself. These four requirements come from the Diagnostic Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition, (DSM-V), which is published by the American Psychiatric Association. The DSM-V provides physicians and mental-health professionals with the criteria for diagnosing specific mental disorders, including bulimia nervosa. Other Signs   People suffering from bulimia may not be thinâ€"in fact, unlike those suffering from anorexia nervosa, theyre likely to be at a normal weight. Some may even be a bit overweight. They may feel intense shame at their bulimic behavior, and likely will try to hide it (in some cases, skillfully enough that few people would suspect a problem). Bulimia may lead to additional symptoms over time, such as a constant sore throat or swollen salivary glands, bad teeth, and dehydration. These can result from repeated vomiting. Severe bulimia can cause a heart attack when essential minerals, such as calcium and sodium, become unbalanced due to the bingeing and purging cycles. Symptoms and Warning Signs of Bulimia As many as 2% to 3% of women may suffer from bulimia in the United States, and in some vulnerable populations (college-aged women, specifically), experts estimate up to 10% may meet the diagnostic criteria for bulimia. Men are affected, too, but at about one-tenth the rate of women. Young women may be especially prone to bulimia if they suffered from childhood sexual abuse, if they eat alone, if they live in a sorority house, or if they have low self-esteem. Involvement in athletics or employment in a job that focuses on weight (like modeling or acting) can predispose someone to bulimia. Gay men also have a high rate of bulimia. If you or someone you know is suffering from some or all of the above criteria it is important to see a physician, dietitian, or mental health professional for an assessment. Bulimia Discussion Guide Get our printable guide for your next doctors appointment to help you ask the right questions. Download PDF A Word From Verywell If you dont already see a healthcare professional who specializes in eating disorders, you can always speak to your primary care physician. The key step here is to get the discussion started (whether between you and your doctor or your loved one and his/her doctor). Since eating disorders often go unrecognized or unnoticed, those who suffer from them can find it difficult to reach out for help or return to their normal behaviors. Know that there are optionsâ€"your eating disorder does not need to control you forever. Bulimia and Your Teeth

Gender And Gender A Man s Sport - 871 Words

Be pretty, handsome, but nothing in between. For a man, play a man’s sport like football or basketball. Then for the ladies, most people would prefer that they don’t play those sports, but what can be expected when they grew up with all males? In the collaborative book Gender Failure by Ivan Cayote and Rae Spoon, who have lived as woman but feel as if they are meant to be males, they talk about how they failed their roles as both females and males. In the course of history people have failed the gender binary, failed to see how transgender people live, and even today what the transgender community still faces today. What is a gender binary? Gender binary is where a person is classified by their sex and gender into two very distinct, opposite and disconnected forms of feminine and masculine. The gender binary is what most people feel that they need to fit into. For example, for a female is expected to act a certain way and â€Å"be a lady†, and males are expected to be tough and not show any emotion. In the book Gender Failure Rae Spoon talks about how he did not fit the gender binary of being a female and used the example of how his mother would ensure that he sat like a lady. Rae says â€Å"The sermon starts and we sit up straight with our hands in our laps, trying to concentrate on staring straight ahead. After fifteen minutes I’m like a cowboy straddling a fence.† (page 45) Rae had stated before that he was always told about chores were to be done by the girls in the family. RaeShow MoreRelatedGender Inequality : Gender Inequalities825 Words   |  4 Pages Karen Cardena s English 4 Sec 03 Sum 17 07 July 2017 Gender Inequalities Thesis: While this could be the best thing the world could accomplish if something changes, Women and men should not be segregated into their own category. Because both genders should have equal rights when it comes to working, money, households, relationships and other categories. This problem has been around for a long time but never been brought to a lot of people s attention, because of this nobody talks about this situationRead MoreDo Girls Can Do Better? Essay1256 Words   |  6 PagesFootball is a boy’s sport.† No one is born thinking that men are superior to women. The idea is imparted in us when we are children. Parents of girls vary in their way of instilling this gender bias. Often girls are encouraged not to play with the boys, to dress a certain way to avoid looking â€Å"manly† or to play with dolls instead of trucks. For centuries women have been denied the same rights as men. But Why? Women and men have the same physical and intellectual capabilit ies, yet gender bias still existsRead MoreImpact Of Gender Discrimination On Sports1446 Words   |  6 Pages GENDER DISCRIMINATION IN SPORTS Brooke Lynn Paige Smith Oklahoma State University-Stillwater December 5, 2014 For decades discrimination in sports has been a big issue, especially gender discrimination. Women have been down graded and stereotyped as weak in athletics because men are generally the more entertaining to watch because of their physicality and they seem more determined and motivated to achieve in their sport, but what people should realize is women are just as athletic asRead MoreImportance Of Sport1702 Words   |  7 PagesWhat is interesting about sport? Sport: small word, big concept. The purpose of this essay is to highlight what aspects of sport are interesting, further linking it to a specific discipline. There are many disciplines within sport that are interesting, however, from my point of view, sociology is the most interesting one as it gives a true picture to what sports is like within society, in addition it emphasises the significance of sport in society since the early nineteenth century (Bell, 2009)Read More The Issues of Women in Sport Essay example1132 Words   |  5 PagesIssues of Women in Sport Race, gender, history and sexual orientation play major roles in womens participation in sport. Through out the history of women in sport, opportunity has increased. Many athletes and coaches are presented with the issue of sexual orientation throughout their sporting career. Regardless of sexual orientation, all female athletes are affected by heterosexism. Ones racial or ethnicity background greatly shapes the experience they may have in sport. 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It was happening all around the world in the 1950’s, men wanted to show the ladies who really was in charge, and as a result woman in sports were not fairly treated. How are women treated in regard to sports andRead MoreThe Difference Between Sex and Gender743 Words   |  3 PagesIn today s society sex and gender seem to have two separate connotative meanings. Sex is a more scientific term that explains physical traits and sexual preferences. Gender carries a more social tone. Meaning that it refers to the different clothing, activities, career choices, and positions people hold in society. A per son s social status helps separate or classify the two sexes. brbrSex is the total sum of physical characteristics that distinguish males and females from each other. The mostRead MoreThe Inequality Of People Based Off Of Race1369 Words   |  6 Pagesthought to be strong, be the man of the family and girls are thought to act like a woman, give a man whatever he wants. Over time these became a set of gender boundaries. I believe that this behavior and way of thinking can over time have a huge negative impact on the way we as a society is upbringing children and making them think. Also this way of thinking prevents us from achieving full gender equality. Giving a gender more privilege than another is not a way to conquer gender equality. In the professorRead MoreGender Inequality : Sport Is Becoming Popular1333 Words   |  6 Pages Gender Inequality in Sport Sport has been one of the most important socio-cultural learning experiences for males and females. Sports provide an amazing release for people of all ages. People are requested and welcomed to play sports at any age. Sometimes there are many limitations due to personal reason that restrain people from participating in sport such as money, peer pressure, location, etc. For the last century males are expected to be strong, independent, and athletic. Male athletes masculinity

Management Planning of Arthur Anderson Essay - 1284 Words

In this paper, the writer will evaluate the planning function of management within Arthur Andersen. Specifically, the paper will discuss at least one legal, ethical, and social responsibility issue that impacts Arthur Andersen. Additionally, this paper will analyze the impact these factors have on Arthur Andersen’s management planning. Finally, this paper will analyze at least three factors that influence Arthur Andersen’s strategic, tactical, operational, and contingency planning. The firm of Arthur Andersen LLP was founded in 1913 by Arthur Andersen and Clarence DeLany and named Andersen, DeLany Co. The firm later changed its name to Arthur Andersen Co. in 1918. Arthur Andersen LLP, based in Chicago, Illinois, was one of†¦show more content†¦The court found that the instructions were worded in such a way that Andersen could have been convicted without any proof that the firm knew it had broken the law or that there had been a link to any official proce eding that prohibited the destruction of documents (www.wikipedia.com). According to wikipedia.com, â€Å"as of 2008, Arthur Andersen LLP has not been formally dissolved nor has it declared bankruptcy. Ownership of the partnership has been ceded to four limited liability corporations named Omega Management I through IV† (www.wikipedia.com). The planning function of management refers to â€Å"the process that includes defining an organization’s goals, establishing an overall strategy for achieving those goals, and developing a comprehensive set of plans to integrate and coordinate those activities necessary to achieving those goals† (Robbins, S.P., 2005, p.5). The planning function of management at Arthur Andersen was no different. When Arthur Andersen founded the accounting firm, it was built on the belief and business practice that reputation was more important than profit. It appears that over time, the strategy at Arthur Andersen became achieving the bot tom line at all cost, contrary to the belief of one of it’s founders, Arthur Andersen. Based on existing rules within the firm, all profits were equally divided amongst the firm’s partners. With the focus on profits and the flood ofShow MoreRelatedManagement Planning- Arthur Anderson1299 Words   |  6 Pageswill evaluate the planning function of management within Arthur Andersen. Specifically, the paper will discuss at least one legal, ethical, and social responsibility issue that impacts Arthur Andersen. Additionally, this paper will analyze the impact these factors have on Arthur Andersen’s management planning. Finally, this paper will analyze at least three factors that influence Arthur Andersen’s strategic, tactical, operational, and contingency planning. The firm of Arthur Andersen LLP wasRead MoreManagement Planning Paper on Arthur Andersen1221 Words   |  5 PagesRunning head: Management Planning Paper on Arthur Andersen Management Planning Paper on Arthur Andersen In 1913, the company Arthur Andersen started by Arthur Andersen and Clarence Delany by the name of Andersen, Delany, Co. In 1918, it was given the name Arthur Andersen Co. The company supplied tax, consulting services and auditing for the large business, and itself had a position in the Big Five accounting firms. 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Professional auditing standards identify 5 â€Å"management assertions† that commonly underlie a set of financial statements. These 5 assertions are: occurrence, completeness, valuation/allocation, rights/obligations, and presentation/disclosure. With respect to the audit of Paragon’sRead MoreArthur Andersen Essay1532 Words   |  7 Pagesissues, had diminished. In 1992, top management had rejected a key ruling from the group for the first time. After that, no one at Andersen listened to the group’s pronouncements. By 1994, two-third revenue of Andersen came from consulting side. Because of its dominant consulting service, Andersen was far more than any other Big Eight competitor at the time. This shift declined the influence of the firm’s in-house ethics watchdog, the PSG. And top management also took some actions to undermine theRead MoreThe Enron Scandal Of Enron1052 Words   |  5 PagesEnron for improper accounting practice. According Sherron S. W atkins, the former vice president for corporate development, Enron failed to disclose complicated deals with its partnerships to inflate the stock price. In a report by Enron’s law firm, Arthur Andersen, the accounting firm that was in charge of auditing Enron, was involved and failed to report the partnership transactions, which resulted in the collapse of Enron. Many believed Andersen’s independence was impaired when it audited EnronRead MoreCase Study Maple Leaf Shoes Ltd. â€Å"Selection of a Human Resources Manager†2255 Words   |  10 Pagesmeet with upon leaving the company. A human resources manager covers a lot of behind-the-scenes activity related to employment: records maintenance, benefits administration, performance reviews, training, policy enforcement, skill assessment, career planning, payroll etc. Accordingly, Maple Leaf Shoes Ltd. should recruit a human resources professionals with a range of personal qualities and skills to perform the tasks and contribute to the growth of the company. Some of the requirements for the futureRead MoreHome Depot Supply Chain Management1480 Words   |  6 PagesHome Depot Supply Chain Management The History of Home Depot Growth of the Organization Home Depot (TheHomeDepot, n.d.) began as a two store operation in Atlanta, GA in 1979. The concept was the brainchild of Bernie Marcus and Arthur Blank, with inspiration from investment banker Ken Langone and well know merchandising expert Pat Farrah. They envisioned a one stop, do it yourself store that carried most of the products needed to do common home care projects. The first two Atlanta based storesRead MoreEnron Corporation and Andersen, Llp Analyzing the Fall of Two Giants1125 Words   |  5 Pagessix months and Kenneth Lay, who was the CEO/Chairman of Enron from 1996 through 2001, was reinstated to CEO after Skilling’s resignation due to â€Å"purely personal† reasons. Andersen. LLP was originally founded as Andersen, Delaney Co. in 1913 by Arthur Andersen, an accounting professor at Northwestern University in Chicago. By Andersen taking tough stands against clients’ aggressive accounting treatments, Andersen quickly gained a national reputation as a reliable keeper of the public’s trust. Read MoreSummary of Facts of the Case Study3381 Words   |  14 Pages1.0 SUMMARY OF FACTS OF THE CASE STUDY After understanding the overall of case study, Arthur Andersen: Questionable Accounting Practice, we have identified a few facts. The following subsection will present the facts. 1.1 ARTHUR ANDERSEN Arthur Andersen LLP was founded in Chicago in 1913 by Arthur Andersen and partner Clerence DeLeny. Over a span or nearly 90 years, the Chicago accounting would became known as one of the â€Å"Big Five† largest accounting firms in the United States together

Dispension for Study Abroad Free Essays

Education and schools play a substantial role to anyone. I always see schooling as a path to opportunity. Schooling in Waseda University as Japan`s top private, co-educational institutions of higher learning reflects the value of equal opportunity. We will write a custom essay sample on Dispension for Study Abroad or any similar topic only for you Order Now I believe studying business in Waseda University is crucial to my personal success. I want to study Japanese as I lived oversea for 18 years already. I want to learn Japanese culture as I see it as an important factor in ones` success in business since Japanese are known to have the â€Å"business attitude† that made them successful after their downfall in World War II. Moreover, I think that the Japanese society offers great business educational opportunity. In the future, I want to write a research paper about E-business and role of internet in marketing since nowadays the rapid growth of the role of Internet and other Web based marketing strategies present business organizations with both opportunities and challenges. Under such circumstances, sound and timely E-business strategy plays an increasingly important role for companies to stay competitive in the dynamic electronic marketplace. Also, the Internet is the largest and fastest growing interactive network, â€Å"the network of networks†, which is today’s de facto information highway. It presents a challenge to the billion-dollar International Marketing Industry. Every facet of conventional marketing strategy is challenged by this evolving communication potential of the internet. I am interested in this topic since most businesses around the globe have been rushing to the Internet at an incredible pace, in hopes of â€Å"striking it rich,† by marketing over the Internet. This is what I want to do, I must develop new, or at least revised methods of international marketing. So, in order to write this research, I should study really very hard in Waseda University. How to cite Dispension for Study Abroad, Papers

Employee Compensation and Pension Plans free essay sample

A study of Individual Retirement Arrangement (IRA) and Roth-IRA personal retirement savings plans. This paper examines the viable options for personal retirement saving: Individual Retirement Arrangement (IRA) and the Roth-IRA. The paper describes the tax benefits of the funds and the annual contribution limits. It provides complex information on stock option plans and stock ownership plans. The paper is packed with statistics and charts on the financial benefits for these plans. Table of Contents 1. Individual Retirement Arrangement (IRA) and Roth-IRA 2. Traditional and Roth IRA 3. Annual Contribution Limits 4. Employee Stock Ownership Plan (ESOP) and 401(k) Plan 5. Incentive Stock Option Plan 6. References Generally called an Individual Retirement Account is a personal retirement savings plan that is available to anyone during the year who receives taxable compensation. For contribution purposes of IRA, compensation includes salaries, alimony, fees, wages, bonuses, commissions, tips, taxable and separate maintenance payments (Quinn. 1998).

5 Tips on How to Write an Interesting Familiar Essay

5 Useful Tips On How To Write An Engaging Familiar Essay When students face such assignment as composing a familiar essay, they might feel confused and startled. Because it’s not the most popular essay type that students are required to write, many may have only the vague idea of what a familiar essay is.  What is a familiar essay?A familiar essay is a type of prose paper, which includes personal reflections on a particular subject. The author expresses his unique observations without claiming to be right and the reader may agree with the writer’s point of view or remain with his own personal convictions.1. Check quality examples of a familiar essayIf you want to come up with a great paper, you need to have a clear understanding of what exactly a familiar essay should look like. After reading several quality samples you will get the idea and writing your own text will no longer give you a feeling of being lost without knowing in what direction to move further.2. Choose a suitable topicA familiar essay can be written on alm ost any subject as long as it doesn’t require deep expert knowledge from a reader who doesn’t know much about what’s discussed. Ideally, your audience should be able to relate to your words easily so choosing topics that are understandable to many people might be the best bet for such type of an essay.3. Create an outlineA familiar essay is a personal and thoughtful piece of writing but like any other essay, it needs to be structured and organized. Creating an outline will help you stay on track and follow your main idea. You can adjust it in the writing process but a plan will help you follow the direction. The typical five-paragraph structure is the most preferable for a familiar essay but since this type of paper has a personal touch and you are encouraged to express yourself the way you want, the number of paragraphs and their content depends solely on your decision.4. Try freewritingFor some students, creating an outline might not be the most suitable optio n for starting a writing process. In this case, they might find useful to try freewriting. This is an activity during which you write whatever comes to your mind in relation to the chosen subject. The method might seem easy but not everybody can switch off his inner critic and ignore initial imperfection of the text. After you feel like you’ve said it all, stop writing. Now you can reread the draft and structurize your thoughts to make the text coherent.5. Choose a correct toneA familiar essay distinguishes itself amongst other academic writings by being personal and even informal. The language used in the text must be simple enough for the reader to get your message straight away without guessing what a particular word or phrase might mean. Imagine that you are talking to your reader like as if you were sharing your thoughts with a close  friend. Be honest and open but avoid slang and never be superior or condescending.Whatever topic you choose, writing a familiar essay mu st be an interesting task and if you use our tips, composing a memorable paper will be a walk in the park for you. If for some reason you feel that you’re not ready to write such paper, contact us with the request â€Å"do my essay† and all your worries about your academic assignment will be a thing of the past.

Comptemporary Issues In Criminal Justice

Comptemporary Issues In Criminal Justice Free Online Research Papers Crime and the Media A lot of people blame the media for violence and crime. They say that making movies showing a lot of violence and drug use causes teenagers to want to act like the people on the movies. I do not think that the media is the cause of crime. In most of the movies they make, the bad guy usually ends up dead or in jail. The movies are actually teaching children that there are consequences to crime and that no one gets away with crime. Those who choose to blame the media for the raise in crime rates suggest that due to the amount of television watched by juveniles, it will cause them to become criminals. Babybag.com states that the average American child will witness over 200,000 acts of violence on television including 16,000 murders before age 18. Babybag.com also did a poll to parents and when they were asked to select measures which would reduce violent crime a lot, Americans chose restrictions on television violence more often than gun control. All movies that contain extreme violence are rated R and a child should not be allowed to see the movie. Movies shown on television are also rated. It seems that the problem is not with the type of movies that are made but the problem is with the parents who allow their children to watch violent movies. People fail to see that violence is not caused by the media it is caused by people. Its the jealousy, the insults, and the striving to fit into society that causes all the crime. If the parents would raise their children to understand that violence is not the way to handle a situation there might be less crime. When a child does get into trouble the parent should blame themselves and not the media for the way their child was raised. I this world it has become so much easier to blame someone else instead of taking responsibility for your own mistakes. The Media Should be Used to Fight Crime I think that using the media to fight crime was an excellent idea. Shows like America’s Most Wanted have helped to hunt down criminals for decades. With out shows like this there would still be a lot of criminals on the loose. There are people who think that shows like these are only in it for the money. Although they do make a lot of money; they also spend a lot of money tracking down criminals. A lot of people do not believe in shows like AMW. I have heard several people say that they are just for show; the crimes do not really exist and they are all actors. It is true they use actor to replay the crime. However, the crime is real. The things they show have really happened and the criminals they show are really out there. There are different ways the media can be used to fight crime. AMW is a great show and a great start at stopping national crime. The local news station also helps to deter crime and find criminals. There are people who rob stores all the time and think that they got away with it. What they do not realize is that they are now on surveillance cameras and that video has been shown on every news station in the surrounding areas. If it was not for the media and crime prevention strategies like Crime stoppers with McGruff the dog, AMW, the news, and local newspapers we would not have a clue when a dangerous person was around us. With out the media I believe that more than 50% of all criminals would still be free instead of locked up like they need to be. I am personally grateful that the media cares enough to inform us of what is going on in the world. Police Brutality is Not a Problem Police brutality has become a serious problem in today’s world. A police officers job is to â€Å"Protect and Serve† instead they abuse and neglect. There must be something in the badge that gives him a super power because as soon as the badge goes on he begins to believe he is invincible and he has the all time power of God. Police brutality is not something that just happened overnight. It dates back as far as the Biblical days. The New Testament tells of several incidents in which the Roman Guards inflicted violence on many of the new Christians. (Wikipedia 2007 par. 3) Most modern day police did not even exist until the 19th century and even then police brutality was very frequent. Police brutality has also been brought in to the 20th century. Debating Crime tells of the Rodney King story. In this incident several white officers beat up a black man. One of the officers actually stated â€Å"I was scared to death that if this guy got back up, he was going to take my gun away from me† (Debating Crime). When you have several trained officers and one criminal it is very doubtful that the one is going to overwhelm the several. Officials claimed that the police were innocent and they did the right thing. There are some people who do not believe that police brutality is a problem. They say that officers have to use force to get their point across. Others say that force is used only when necessary. This was the case in the King incident. Has this world became so bad that the people we trust to protect us should now be the people we fear the most. Something needs to be done to officers who use excessive force. If a citizen beat someone with a club or taser them with a gun for no necessary reason they would go to jail. Maybe a few officers should spend a day or two in jail and be taught a lesson. Abolish the Death Penalty The death penalty is usually what people receive as punishment for murder. Those who believe in the death penalty believe that â€Å"an eye for an eye† is the proper punishment. They think that death deserves death. The debate over the death penalty has been going on for decades and still not everyone can agree on it morality. In John Kavanaugh’s essay â€Å"Capital Punishment is Unjust†, Kavanaugh discusses different reasons that we as a society may have for legally killing people by means of the death penalty. He begins by depersonalizing the human saying that those who believe in the death penalty do not value a person as being expendable. They only think of the person as a murderer or other form of criminal. I think that the death penalty should be abolished. The death penalty is immoral because of the commandment â€Å"Thou shalt not kill†. No one has the right to play God and decide who gets to die and when they get to die. No human has the right to take another humans life. The death penalty does not deter criminal behavior because they are not given the chance to rehabilitate. The system is to give a person the chance to rehabilitate before resulting to such tactics as killing a person. When most people commit a crime they are thinking that they will not get caught. They are not sitting around thinking† If I kill my wife for cheating I will be put to death for her murder†. Instead of playing God by trying to decide who dies, when they die, and what they die for our government should be able to come up with an alternative solution. The families of victims should be more open to rehabilitating the murderer than killing him. Killing the murderer and inflicting pain on his family does not bring back the victim. In these situations all we as a society should hope for is that this person finds God and changes his life. No one expects the victim’s family to forgive or forget what happened to them. We should hope that their heart is big enough to pray for the sinner. The Criminal Justice System Discriminates Against Minorities I believe the criminal justice system is very discriminatory when it comes to minorities. Most people say that the Justice system does not discriminate it just so happens that minorities are the only ones who get in trouble. When speaking of minorities we are not only speaking of just race. Minority is defined by Webster’s dictionary as† a part of the population that differs from others in race, religion, or social class† When it comes to cases like the O.J. Simpson trial; if that had of been a poor white man or a poor black man that committed the same crime in the same manner he would have been charged with murder. IN the Rodney King case, if it would have been a white man he would have never been beaten. One of the officers in the King case said â€Å"I was scared to death that if this guy got back up, he was going to take my gun away from me† (Debating Crime). The only thing he was scared of was the fact that Rodney King was black. When it comes to minority cases and the court system the minorities usually end up in jail. If a rich man and a poor man are charged with the same crime, they will end up with different punishments. Due to the process and costs of the court the poor man usually can not afford to take off of work while he goes to trial so he gets a public defender to take a plea for him. He can not afford a good lawyer that can fight his case for him. IN return he usually gets jail time. The white man can afford to take off of work for court and pay his attorney enough money to pay off the judge so he does not get any jail time. It is rare that the rich man get any thing more than a small fine. Parole Should Not be Abolished There are several issues in the debate of whether or not to abolish parole. The Lectric Law Library defines Parole as â€Å"any form of release of an offender from imprisonment to the community subject to conditions imposed by the releasing authority and to its supervision.† If the states decide to keep parole then it gives the prisoners a second chance. There are some people who can be rehabilitated and parole gives them that chance. If they can show good behavior while in prison who is to say that can not continue that good behavior outside of the prison? Free Law suggests that sentencing should be â€Å"based on the charges a person is convicted of, and the evidence against them. Each prisoner should be assigned a definite term of imprisonment and a discharge code. This sounds like a good idea. If parole is abolished then it will possibly leads to prison overcrowding. If they keep everyone in prison and they add more on a daily basis soon all the prisons will be over crowded and there will be dangerous criminals on the street because there is not room to house them in the prison. There are already 15 states that have abolished parole boards (NCPA, 2007). These states believe that the criminal should have to serve his full sentence or else there would be no point in the â€Å"Truth in Sentencing† law. It has also come to the attention of these states that the parole boards are a â€Å"Failure† (NCPA 2007). They let people out on parole based on their behavior on the inside and when they get out then they repeat the same crime again. It is up to each state as to how they decide on this issue. In my opinion I would like to keep parole so that the good people have a chance to live their life. There is always going to be a bad apple in the bunch. We should not punish them all just because of one. Everybody deserves a second chance. U.S. Patriot Act The U.S Patriot act does not infringe on our civil liberties. It was simply made to make things safer for the citizens of the United States against terrorist attacks. Those who are against the USA Patriot Act, say that it is violation of the Sixth Amendment. The Sixth Amendment gives us the right to trial, notice of accusation, and the right to legal counsel. Another controversial aspect of the Patriot Act is the search and seizure process. The USA Patriot Act allows law enforcement agencies to delay giving notice when they conduct a search. (USA Patriot Act, 2001) The Fourth Amendment protects citizens against unreasonable searches and seizures. It requires a warrant and notice to the person before the search is conducted. The Patriot Act is considered to be a clear violation of the Fourth Amendment. They feel that by allowing wire taps and such then they are invading their privacy. The final aspect of the Patriot Act deals with the rights of public library users. Those who are against the Patriot Act believe that it endangers the privacy rights of library users by allowing electronic surveillance on library servers and sign-up lists. The American Association of Research Libraries states that the legislation â€Å"threatens the rights of the public and undermines the confidentiality that is crucial for the free flow of information needed for the provision of library services.† I support the Patriot Act and in response to the accusations of the non- supporters I say that it is important to be able to have wire taps because most terrorist are technologically sophisticated. My theory is that if people are not doing anything wrong then why are they worried about what the government finds? Personally I had much rather them investigate and clear me as a suspect than to keep thinking I did something wrong when I did not. A Decentralized System is Better Than a Centralized System I think that a decentralized system with deeper community connections would be better in helping the U.S. operate. When it comes to issues such as border patrol and helping to protect the citizens, it would be better to have more people on the job.(Defending the Homeland) Homeland Security does a good job but they just do not have the man power to save the world. It is obvious that we need more and better people running border patrol. Most terrorist are already in the U.S. because we let them come in. We have no one to blame but our government. There needs to be more people on the job so that we can better analyze the people who want to cross our borders. When it comes to analyzing threats there needs to be more than one set of people on the job. One person might see a bomb threat as just a joke where another person would already know how serious it is. The more people who play the game the more points they can earn. Instead of having one unit that â€Å"knows it all†. Different units can learn from each other. In the event that we have a national disaster the more people there are to help the better off we are. When 9-11 happened we had offers and fireman from every city and state pitch in and help. It made things go a lot quicker than if we just had one unit working on it. During evacuations, things would run smoother if there were small and big units working together to get the citizens out of harms way. References Baby bag (2007) Facts about media violence and effects on the American family. Retrieved on November 16, 2007 from babybag.com/articles/amaviol.htm Debating Crime Part III debating the limits of police power (2001) Wadsworth Wikipedia (2007) . Police Brutality retrieved on October 4, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_brutality Free Law Answer (2007 October 13) Should parole be abolished. Retrieved on October 25, 2007 From www.freelawanswer.com/law/4103-law-1.html Kavanaugh, J. (2004) Capitol Punishment Is Unjust. Opposing Viewpoints. Retrieved September 23 2007 from . Lectric Law Library (2007) Parole. Retrieved on October 24, 2007 from lectlaw.com/def2/p005.htm Minow, M. (2002). The USA PATRIOT Act and Patron Privacy on Library Internet Terminals. Retrieved April 12, 2004, from llrx.net/usapatriotact.htm NCPA (2007) Fifteen States Abolish Parole. National Center for Policy Analysis Retrieved on October 25, 2007 from ncpa.org/pi/crime/pd011399h.html USA Patriot Act. (2005, April 29). Issues Controversies on File. Retrieved November 15, 2007 from FACTS.com database. Wadsworth/Thomson (2005) Defending the Homeland: Taking the offense. Retrieved from Axia College database on October 25, 2007 Webster’s Vest pocket dictionary (1981) Springfield, MA; Merriam-Webster Wikipedia (2007) . Police Brutality retrieved on October 4, 2007 from http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Police_brutality Research Papers on Comptemporary Issues In Criminal JusticeEffects of Television Violence on ChildrenCapital PunishmentThe Effects of Illegal ImmigrationRelationship between Media Coverage and Social andThe Relationship Between Delinquency and Drug UseWhere Wild and West MeetUnreasonable Searches and SeizuresPersonal Experience with Teen PregnancyQuebec and CanadaHip-Hop is Art

Describe the contribution of the Neo Human Relations School of Essay

Describe the contribution of the Neo Human Relations School of Management to the Development of Organisational Theory - Essay Example Management is essentially an integrating activity which permeates every facet of the operations of the organisation. The effectiveness of any work organisation is dependent upon the efficient use of resources, in particular human resources. According to Douglas McGregor, the style of management adopted is a function of the manager's attitudes towards people, and assumptions about human nature and behaviour. He put forward two sets of suppositions - Theory X and Theory Y. The central principle of Theory X is based on direction and control through a centralised system of organisation and the exercise of authority. In contrast, the central principle of Theory Y is based on the integration of individual and organisational goals. These underlying philosophies will influence a whole range of managerial behaviours and strategies. One of the most important factors in the successful implementation of organisational change is the style of managerial behaviour. In certain situations, and with certain members of staff, it may be necessary for management to make use of hierarchical authority and to attempt to impose change through a coercive, autocratic style of behaviour. According to Theory X and Theory Y, some members may actual ly prefer, and respond better, to a directed and controlled style of management. Frederick H

What are the major points of difference in Realist International Essay

What are the major points of difference in Realist International Relations Theory - Essay Example The developments of this period acted as wake-up calls because nations started getting interested in owning resources, creating political boundaries, and ruling the world (Viotti, & Kauppi, 2012). Since then, war has been a part of life for some countries because of lack of peace with neighboring states, for example, Iran and Iraq. Other countries such as the European Union and America found peace by forming international organizations such as United Nations, which formulates the rules that govern the interaction between countries. Scholars have formulated theories to help states to determine how they should interact with others. The main theories of international relations include realism and idealism. The theory of realism has been embraced and criticized at the same time because of the contradictions in its tenets; this makes it useful to analyze the hypothesis and determine the differences in its arguments. Origin of Realism Theory The theory of realism bases its arguments on eco nomic principles, and it argues that states aim at maximizing their utility relative to others. The utility of states increases when they own more resources and power contrary to their counterparts (Rengger, 200). This means that the techniques used to acquire power and resources are not questionable, even if they are against humanity and ethics. The founders of this theory include Nicholas Spykman, Carr, and Hans Morgenthau, all who are from the European Union. Watz and Alexander Hamilton of the United States later contributed to theory. The artistic works of Thucydides and Sun Tzu that existed before the foundations of the theory were used as the basis for the formulation of its principles (Donneley, 2000). Assumptions of the Theory The hypothesis assumes that the government is the highest level of power in a country, and that the leaders of the state make rational decisions. According to Machiavelli, rational decisions are those that increase wealth and power. Therefore, national leaders do not take courses that degrade the power and resources of the state because this would be irrational. This means that the theory disregards international organizations such as the United Nations and International Monetary Fund, which may dictate the actions of the government. The independence of the actions of states means that countries interact in an anarchical system; this is where each government aims at gaining comparative advantage in the acquisition of certain resources and powers (Resende, 2007). Tenets of the Realism Theory of International Relations The principles of the theory were developed by Morgenthau after the Second World War when international relations became a popular subject. However, the ideologies that were applicable during the war included those of Carr and Machiavelli. The first principle of the theory of realism argues that states are governed by the rule of law, and that it is the regulations that manage international relationships (Mary, Rosec rance, & Steiner, 2010). This means that states that do not have laws may not find peace with others, and even those that have inefficient regulations may also fail to find peaceful international neighbors. This then depicts that countries must concentrate on the formulation of logical and efficient laws, in order for them to prosper in the international economy (Machiavelli, & Marriott, 2010). This is because a country analyzes the laws of another state when determining whether to engage in foreign relations

Measurement of Anti-proliferative Activity Experiment

Measurement of Anti-proliferative Activity Experiment Human cancer cell lines A549 (Lung carcinoma), MCF-7 (Breast adenocarcinoma), DU 145 (Prostate carcinoma), DLD-1 (Colorectal adenocarcinoma), FaDu (squamous cell carcinoma of pharynx) were obtained from American Type Culture Collection (ATCC), USA. These cells were cultured in DMEM supplemented with 10% FBS and antibiotic combinations in 5% CO2 humidified atmosphere at 37 0C. A colorimetric sulforhodamine B (SRB) assay was used for the measurement of anti-proliferative activity as described before (Adaramoye et al., 2011; Fricker and Buckley, 1995; Keepers et al., 1991; Skehan et al., 1990). It is the second major technique for testing and is the more preferred. This basically depends on the incur of the negatively charged pink amino xanthine dye, sulphorhodamine B (SRB) through basic amino acids in the cells. The released dye will give a more intense colour and more absorbance, when the number of cells and amount of dye is taken up is greater, after fixing, when the cells are lysed, (Skehan et al., 1990). The SRB assay is sensitive, simple, reproducible and more rapid than the formazan-based assays and gives better linearity, a good signal-to-noise ratio and has a stable end-point that does not require a time-sensitive measurement, as do the MTT or XTT assays (Fricker and Buckley, 1995; Keepers et al., 1991). Ten thousand cells were seeded to each well of 96-well plate, grown overnight and exposed to test samples at 100  µg/ml concentration for 48 h. Cells were then fixed with ice-cold tri-chloro acetic acid (50% w/v, 50 µl/well), stained with SRB (0.4% w/v in 1% acetic acid, 50 µl/well), washed and air dried. Bound dye was dissolved in 150 ÃŽ ¼L of 10mM Tris base and plates were read at 510 nm absorbance (Epoch Microplate Reader, Biotek, USA). Anti-proliferative activity of test samples was calculated as: % inhibition in cell growth = [100-(Absorbance of compound treated cells/ Absorbance of untreated cells)] x100. Principal component analysis PCA was carried out based on the contents of eighteen bioactive compounds in fruits and leaves of five Cassia species, using STATISTICA 7.0 software. When the contents of investigated compounds were below the quantitation limit or not detected in the samples, the values of such elements were considered to be zero. Results and discussion Optimization of chromatographic and MS/MS conditions Complete separation of proximate analytes is certainly not required for MS/MS detection. In this study, chrysophanic acid and emodin are having same product ion, while catechin and epicatechin are having same precursor and product ion. Therefore, mobile phase was optimized using different compositions of solvents and adjusting their gradient elution for separation of all the compounds. Acetonitrile possesses stronger elution ability in comparison to methanol, which shortens the elution time and thus selected for this method. On the basis of the polarity of anthraquinones, phenolics, flavonoids and terpenoids in the extracts of Cassia species samples, an Acquity UPLC BEH C18 (2.1 mm Ãâ€" 50 mm, 1.7 µm; Waters, Milford, MA) column was selected for their separation, which was more suitable for acidic mobile phase with smoother baseline in the separation as compared to other tested columns. Compared with acetic acid, formic acid was found more effective for ionization of compounds det ected in the negative ESI mode. Thus, different concentration strengths (0.05%, 0.1% and 0.2%) of formic acid were investigated, and finally 0.1% formic acid concentration was selected for analysis. Therefore, optimized gradient elution with 0.1% formic acid in water and acetonitrile at a flow rate of 0.4 mL/min with the column temperature of 30 °C resulted in separation of the 18 compounds in less than 8 min chromatographic run time. All the compound dependent MS parameters (precursor ion, product ion, declustering potential (DP) and collision energy (CE) were carefully optimized for each targeted compound in negative ESI mode, which was performed by flow injection analysis (FIA). The chemical structures of 18 components were characterized based on their retention behaviour and MS information such as quasimolecular ions [M-H], fragment ions [M-H-COO], [M-H-COO-CH3], [M- CO-H2O] compared to related standards and literatures (Pandey et al., 2014; Wei et al., 2013; Xia et al., 2011; Yu et al., 2009). MRM parameters: DP, EP, CE and CXP were optimized to achieve the most abundant, specific and stable MRM transition for each compound as shown in Table 1. MRM extracted ion chromatogram of analytes are shown in Fig. 1. Analytical Method Validation The proposed UPLC-MRM method for quantitative analysis was validated according to the guidelines of international conference on harmonization (ICH, Q2R1) by linearity, LOQs and LODs, precision, solution stability, and recovery. Linearity, LOD and LOQ The internal standard method was employed to calculate the contents of eighteen analytes in Cassia species. The stock solution was diluted with methanol to different working concentrations for the construction of calibration curves. The linearity of calibration was performed by the analytes-to-IS peak area ratios versus the nominal concentration and the calibration curves were constructed with a weight (1/x2) factor by least-squares linear regression. The applied calibration model for all curves was y = a x + b, where y = peak area ratio (analyte/IS), x = concentration of the analyte, a = slope of the curve and b = intercept. The LODs and LOQs were measured with S/N of 3 and 10, respectively as criteria. The results were listed in Table 1. All the calibration curves indicated good linearity with correlation coefficients (r2) from 0.9990 to 0.9999 within the test ranges. The LODs for each analyte varied from 0.02-1.34 ng/mL and LOQs from 0.06-3.88 ng/ml and were much lower than those obtained with previous HPLC methods (Chewchinda et al., 2012; Chewchinda et al., 2014; Chewchinda et al., 2013; Ni et al., 2009; Prakash et al., 2007). Precision, Stability and Recovery The intra-day and inter-day variations, for the determination of precision of the developed method, were evaluated by determining the eighteen analytes in six replicates on a single day and by duplicating the experiments over three successive days. The overall intra-day and inter-day precision were not more than 3.37 %. Stability of sample solutions stored at room temperature was evaluated by replicate injections at 0, 2, 4, 8, 12 and 24 h. The RSDs value of stability of the eighteen analytes ≠¤ 3.19 %. A recovery test was applied to evaluate the accuracy of this method. Three different concentration levels (high, middle and low) of the analytical standards were added into the samples. Three replicates were performed at each level. The percentage recoveries were calculated according to the following equation: (detected amount–original amount) Ãâ€" 100% / added amount. The analytical method developed had good accuracy with overall recovery in the range from 97.75-105.09 % (RSD ≠¤ 2.42 %) for all analytes (Table 1).

Burke-Litwin: Understanding Drivers for Change Essay

There are many reasons that change occurs in organisations. Building on the Burke-Litwin model of organisational change and performance, this article will help you identify different drivers of change and consider the implications for you as a change manager. The Model The Burke-Litwin model[1] shows the various drivers of change and ranks them in terms of importance. The model is expressed diagrammatically, with the most important factors featuring at the top. The lower layers become gradually less important. The model argues that all of the factors are integrated (to greater or lesser degrees). Therefore, a change in one will eventually affect all other factors. The Burke-Litwin model Burke-Litwin believe environmental factors to be the most important driver for change. Indeed, most change can be traced back to external drivers for change. Important elements of organisational success, such as mission and strategy, leadership and organisational culture, are often impacted by changes that originate outside the organisation. It is your job to understand these external changes and identify the implications for you and your team. Identifying and Dealing with Drivers for Change 1. External Environment This includes such factors as markets, legislation, competition and the economy. All of these will have consequences for organisations, and, as a change manager, it is vital that you  continually scan the environment for issues that will affect you and your team. For example, in the world of accountancy, International Accounting Standards and International Financial Reporting Standards will have a significant impact on the way companies manage their accounts and report their results. In the public sector, legislative changes across health, local government and other services have a direct impact on the work organisations are required to carry out. 2. Mission and Strategy An organisation’s mission articulates its reason for existing. It is the foundation upon which all activity should be built. The strategy then sets out, in broad terms, how the organisation will go about achieving its mission. Very often, the strategy will be developed in light of environmental change, and will have a significant impact on the work you do. As a change manager, you need to understand change in strategy and be able to communicate the implications to your staff. 3. Leadership This considers the attitudes and behaviour of senior colleagues and how these behaviours are perceived by the organisation as a whole. The way in which change is implemented and accepted through the organisation will be largely influenced by the top team. Does your team believe that senior colleagues are committed to change, or is it just another initiative that will disappear in six month’s time? 4. Organisation Culture Organisation culture can be described as â€Å"the way we do things around here†. It considers the beliefs, behaviours, values and conventions that prevail in an organisation. Culture change does not happen overnight. It evolves over time as a result of many other changes in the organisation. As a manager, you should keep in mind the desired state for the organisation, in terms of how you expect people to behave (and not to behave), and what your organisation values as important. You need to ensure that your behaviour fits with these expectations at all times, and that you ‘walk the walk’. 5. Structure Very often, changes in strategy can lead to changes in the way the organisation is structured. This can impact on relationships, responsibilities and ways of working. Your job is to assess the impact of the structural change and ensure your team understands why it is required, and what it means for them. 6. Work Unit Climate This considers employees’ perception of their immediate colleagues and working environment. Our immediate working environment is often what shapes our view of the organisation as a whole, and influences the extent to which we feel satisfied in our jobs. Changes to the immediate working environment need to be managed sensitively, as they are likely to invoke a range of emotional and political responses from staff. This is particularly the case where change involves moving location, a change in personnel, or a change in terms of conditions of service, such as working hours. 7. Task Requirements and Individual Skills/Abilities Change at a higher level in the organisation will often require changes in the work carried out and the skills available in the team. As the change manager you need to assess whether: all the right skills are in place; if they can be developed; or, if you need to bring them in from outside the team. 8. Individual Needs and Values Changes to team membership can mean a change in the team dynamic. In a perfect world, we would be able to recruit the exact fit for our teams, in terms of personal style, abilities and skills mix. However, in reality it is not always possible, and it is your job to identify any risks in this areas and mitigate them as best you can. 9. Employee Motivation Considers the significance of individual and organisational goals. Motivation is key to effective change. The real challenge is to maintain motivation throughout a change project, particularly when change is often not well-received by those affected. [1] Burke & Litwin, ‘A Causal Model of Organisation Performance and Change’, Journal of Management, Vol 18, No 3 (1992), pp 523–545.

How Can Alternative Sources of Energy Be Harnessed

How can alternative sources of energy be harnessed effectively? Written by Jill (Huimei ZHOU) Nowadays, there are more and more alternative sources of energy for people to use. But in order to harness these alternative sources of energy effectively, different countries take different actions based on their own natural resources. This essay will show that how to make full use of energy from different countries' viewpoints. Undenied, many years ago, a lot of countries just use the fossil fuels to supply the energy that the whole city needs, but now the sources of energy are more than before, such as solar energy and biomass.So in this case, many countries try them best to harness the renewable energy to reduce the dependence on the traditional energy. Over the last five years, many European countries have increased their reliance on wind farms and hydroelectric dams because of more expensive fossil fuels. For example, in Sweden, the city Kristiantad is looking into building satellite b iogas plants for outlying areas and expanding its network of underground biogas pipes to allow the construction of more filling stations. [1]Besides the European countries, the United States also makes some measures to control the renewable energy more effectively. According to the Environmental Protection Agency, the United Sates need to spend about 8000 US farms on installing biomass plants. [2] In order to cut down costs, a number of states and companies are considering new investments or programs. They hope to build plants in Calnifornia to turn organic waste from farms and gas from water treatment plants into biogas. [3] Because of less natural energy and more expensive fees, this way can help the whole state to meet requirements.Above on these countries' methods, we can clearly see that different countries have different environments and situations. So if a country want to harness alternative sources of energy, they should make more reasonable policies depending on their real conditions, which will be more useful. Reference: [1]Using waste, Swedish city cuts its fossil fuel use[1], Source Book, Paragraph 3. [2]Using waste, Swedish city cuts its fossil fuel use[1], Source Book, Paragraph 4. [3]Using waste, Swedish city cuts its fossil fuel use[1], Source Book, Paragraph 4.

Martin Luther and the Reformation - 2927 Words

Martin Luther and the Reformation A German Augustinian friar, Martin Luther launched the Protestant Reformation of the sixteenth century. Luther grew up the son of a miner, but he did not maintain that lifestyle for himself. He lived in a period that had a widespread desire for reformation of the Christian church and a yearning for salvation. Martin Luther was born at Eisleben in Saxony. Since his father was a miner, it was a great distress on him to send Martin to school and then to the University of Erfurt. There is where he earned his masters degree at the young age of twenty-one. (Erikson, 39) Although his father wished him to study law, Martin, after being terribly frightened in a thunderstorm, vowed to become a friar. In†¦show more content†¦Archbishop Albert needed someone to sell indulgences for him, so he hired Dominican friar John Tetzel. Tetzel made this into a business and even began to heavily advertise the sale of indulgences. He came up with catchy slo gans to lure people into buying them. He even came up with a chart price to persuade people to buy the best or most expensive indulgences. Luther did not agree with this because people no longer saw the need for repentance and felt they could buy away their sins. He was greatly troubled that people were buying into these advertising gimmicks. Since, at the time, the church did not have an official doctrine on indulgences, Luther decided this entitled him to discuss the subject critically. In doing so Luther wrote Archbishop Albert a letter on the subject and enclosed in Latin Ninety-five Theses on the Power of Indulgences. He argued indulgences made people believe repentance was not important, it downplayed the importance of charity in Christian life, and it competed with the preaching of the Gospel. (Boehmer, 198) Once Luther died, his disciple Philipp Melanchthon reported that the theses were also posted on the door of the church at Wittenberg Castle on October 31, 1517, al though not all modern scholars are completely convinced this ever took place. (Erikson, 142) By December of 1517, the theses had all been translated to German and were read throughout the empire.Show MoreRelatedMartin Luther And The Reformation1803 Words   |  8 PagesThesis Statement The purpose of my paper will reflect the life of Martin Luther during the Reformation period and the changes brought forth as a result of his teachings and writings. Luther’s findings not only transformed his own actions, but change the thought process of millions. The study of Martin Luther is the key that unlocks the background of the Protestant Reformation and it’s origins. Introduction Research on Martin Luther was chosen to demonstrate the importance of his works, and decisionsRead MoreThe Doctrines Of Martin Luther, Reformation And The Reformation740 Words   |  3 PagesLuther was ordained in 1508. In 1512, he became a lecturer at the university of Wittenberg. Significantly, Luther’s devotion to theology would lead him to explore the problems plaguing the Catholic Church. During his inquisitive years, Luther began to question the doctrines of the Catholic Church. Luther’s view of salvation, penance and righteousness began to change from the view he was instructed to believe in. Additionally, Luther’s extensive study led him to form his own ideas and formulate aRead MoreMartin Luther And The Reformation Of The Protestant Reformation Essay1699 Words   |  7 PagesMartin Luther became one of the most influential figures in Christian history. He began the protestant reformation in the 16th century. He also called into question some of the b asic tenets of Roman Catholicism and eventually his followers soon split from the Roman Catholic Church to become protestant. He was known to be a very controversial man not just for his writing of the ninety five thesis but for others and in his later years his feeling about the Jews. His teaching of the bible is what leadRead MoreMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation1349 Words   |  6 Pagesto fix by amendment is Martin Luther. In the early 15th century, the Catholic Church was under siege from criticism based off of corruptions and Catholic wrongdoings; this time in history was known as the Protestant Reformation. The main catalyst in this revolution was none other than Martin Luther. Although Martin Luther sparked rebellion and a revolution, he , himself, was a reactionary reformer in how he wanted to restore the church into what it once was. Martin Luther, according to his ideasRead MoreMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation1608 Words   |  7 Pagesfirst step o f the Protestant Reformation was carried out by a monk called Martin Luther to adjust the unfairness of the Catholic Church. He believed that the Christian faith was a simple religion, misrepresented on account of inadequate papal authority. Like the Roman Empire the Church had broadened its territorial domain and bureaucratic function. The moral authority of the church was corrupted because of its tainted clerical practices. In his Ninety-Five Theses, Martin mainly targeted the doctrineRead MoreMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation1326 Words   |  6 PagesThus the Religious Reformation period was the most important time because new religions were formed and the RCC had all the power. Indeed supporters of the Reformation Religions believe that this time had the biggest impact because during this time new religions were created and millions changed faith. In his text â€Å"Martin Luther† the author argues that â€Å"Martin Luther as a Christian theologist and Augustinian monk whose teachings inspired the Protestant Reformation†. Martin Luther was the spark forRead MoreMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation1879 Words   |  8 PagesMartin Luther was not only one of the most significant figures in the Protestant Reformation, but he also developed his own denomination of followers. While many say that Luther was breaking away from the Catholic Church to establish a rival church, yet Luther challenged the authority of the church quietly. His arguments did not focus the attention on himself, but wholly on God. Martin Luther is considered the initiator of the Protestant Reformation as he realized the corruption in the Catholic ChurchRead MoreMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation Essay2089 Words   |  9 Pages1517, as the initial rise of early reform movements. It was the day Martin Luther had encrypted his floating thoughts of early reformation onto paper, with the help of the printing press. Many others before Martin had speculation of somewhat of a reform, but didn’t have the courage to go up against the authoritative Church. Martin and his actions had officially sparked the revolution, and the start of European Reformation. But Martins actions would end up transforming the world indefinitely. SuccessorsRead MoreThe Art Of Reformation By Martin Luther985 Words   |  4 PagesAnalytical Paper: The Art of Reformation The year 1517 is claimed by Christianity to be the original spark of a reformation that changed the face of the most prevalent religion in the western world, beginning in Germany and soon enveloping the known world in an upheaval of beliefs and values. However, due to the fact that Protestant faiths became their own religious, social and political powers, the correct term for this movement would not be ‘reformation’ but in fact ‘revolution’. The so-calledRead MoreMartin Luther And The Protestant Reformation1541 Words   |  7 PagesSochor Professor Eric Breault Religion 374 21 April 2017 Martin Luther and the Protestant Reformation Martin Luther was a German professor of Theology during the 13th and 14th century who was a key figure of the Protestant Reformation. In this paper, I will discuss the impact of Martin Luther’s actions from a standpoint of the Catholic Church and its reaction to Martin Luther’s work. To discuss this, I will use some of the works of Martin Luther himself along with sources from authors Paul A. Bishop